Social phenomena can be mainly analysed based on objective and subjective perspectives. Philosophical assumptions of ontology, epistemology, axiology and methodology derive from paradigms that guide social sciences. There are two main philosophies -realism/modernism and nominalism/post-modernism-and four paradigms -radical structuralist, functionalist, interpretive and radical humanist paradigms- guiding social sciences. These four paradigms can play active philosophical roles effectively in directing socia