While Freud did not explicitly make this claim, one may regard Beyond the Pleasure Principle (1920) as the first, still somewhat tentative resolution of the troubling theoretical problem he had raised in the paper on narcissism (see above, pp. 545-62). The Ego and the Id, published three years later, was his second, definitive response. He now replaced the pairing of driveslibidinal and egoistic-that had served him for more than a decade of psychoanalvtic theorizing and that he had called into question not

This edition brings Dewey's educational theory into sharp focus, framing his two classic works by frank assessments, past and present, of the practical applications of Dewey's ideas. In addition to a substantial introduction in which Philip W. Jackson explains why more of Dewey's ideas haven't been put into practice, this edition restores a "lost" chapter, dropped from the book by Dewey in 1915.

Contents 1. Introductıon. 2. The Wısdom Of Lıfe. 3. Chapter 1. — Dıvısıon Of The Subject. 4. Chapter 2. — Personalıty, Or What A Man Is. 5. Chapter 3. — Property, Or What A Man Has. 6. Chapter 4. — Posıtıon, Or A Man’s Place In The Estımatıon Of Others. 7. Section 1.—Reputation. 8. Section 2.—Pride. 9. Section 3.—Rank. 10. Section 4.—Honor. 11. Section 5.—Fame.

Contents 1. Translator’s Preface 2. The Art Of Controversy 3. Prelımınary: Logıc And Dıalectıc 4. Stratagems 5. On The Comparatıve Place Of Interest And Beauty In Works Of Art 6. Psychologıcal Observatıons 7. On The Wısdom Of Lıfe: Aphorısms 8. Genıus And Vırtue

No doubt i ffdoubt it will be difficult for those who think about things loosely, and have not been accustomed to know them by their primary causes, to comprehend the demonstration of Prop. vii.: for such persons make no distinction between the modifications of substances and the substances themselves, and are ignorant of the manner in which things are produced; hence they may attribute to substances the beginning which they observe Thin natural objects. Those who are ignorant of true causes, make complete

We have made use of Le Bon's description by way of introduction, because it fits in so well with our own Psychology in the emphasis which it lays upon unconscious mental life. But we must now add that as a matter of fact none of that author's statements bring forward anything new. Everything that he says to the detriment and depreciation of the manifestations of the group mind had already been said by others before him with equal distinctness and equal hostility, and has been repeated in unison by thinkers,

In the same work Schopenhauer has described to us the stupendous awe which seizes upon man, when of a sudden he is at a loss to account for the cognitive forms of a phenomenon, in that the principle of reason, in some one of its manifestations, seems to admit of an exception. Add to this awe the blissful ecstasy which rises from the innermost depths of man, ay, of nature, at this same collapse of the principium individuationis, and we shall gain an insight into the being of the Dionysian, which is brought w

Perhaps the sentiments contained in the following pages, are not yet sufficiently fashionable to procure thempages, them general favor; a long habit of not thinking a thing wrong, gives it a superficial appearance of being RIGHT, and raisesgives raises at first a formidable outcry in defence of custom. But theat the tumult soon subsides. Time makes more converts than reason. As a long and violent abuse of power, is generally the MeansAs Means of calling the right of it in question (and in Matters too whicho

A symbolic interpretation has been affixed to it, a sort of philological commentary, which sets fetters upon the inner and free understanding of the imagination it is tyrannical. Music is the language of the commentator, who talks the whole of the time and gives us no breathing space. Moreover his is a difficult language which also requires to be explained. He who step by step has mastered, first the libretto (language!), then converted it into action in his mind's eye, then sought out and understood, and b

The invention of the laws of number has as its basis the primordial and prior-prevailing delusion that many like things exist (although in point of fact there is no such thing is a duplicate), or that, at least, there are things (but there is no thing). The assumption of plurality always presupposes that something exists which manifests itself repeatedly, but just here is where the delusion prevails; in this very matter we feign realities, unities, that have no existence. Our feelings, notions, of space and

The Will to Truth, which is to tempt us to many a haz- ardous enterprise, the famous Truthfulness of which all philosophers have hitherto spoken with respect, what questions has this Will to Truth not laid before us! What strange, perplexing, questionable questions! It is already a long sto- ry; yet it seems as if it were hardly commenced. Is it any wonder if we at last grow distrustful, lose patience, and turn impatiently away? That this Sphinx teaches us at last to ask questions ourselves? WHO is it reall

Now you know, my friend, that I cannot measure anything, and of the beautiful, I am simply such a measure as a white line is of chalk; for almost all young persons appear to be beautiful in my eyes. But at that moment, when I saw him coming in, I confess that I was quite astonished at his beauty and stature; all the world seemed to be enamoured of him; amazement and confusion reigned when he entered; and a troop of lovers followed him. That grown-up men like ourselves should have been affected in this way w

Paru en 1762, du Contrat Social, en affirmant le principe de souveraineté du peuple, a constitué un tournant décisif pour la modernité et s'est imposé comme un des textes majeurs de la philosophie politique. II a aussi acquis le statut de monument, plus célèbre que connu, plus révéré qu'interrogé. Retrouver, dans les formules fameuses et les pages d'anthologie, le mouvement de la réflexion et les questions vives qui nourrissent une œuvre beaucoup plus problématique qu'affirmative, c'est découvrir une pensée

This work, essentially Rudolf Steiner's doctoral dissertation, subtitled Introduction to the Philosophy of Freedom, is just that an essential work in the foundations of spiritual science. In it, the epistemological foundations of spiritual knowledge are clearly and logically presented.Originally published with The Philosophy of Freedom in a single volume, this work is fundamental to an understanding of that work (currently published as Intuitive Thinking As a Spiritual Path) and to a more complete comprehen

In the Soul of Man Under Socialism, Oscar Wilde expounds on an anarchist world view. Wilde argues that under capitalism the majority of people spoil their lives by an unhealthy and exaggerated altruism-are forced, indeed, so to spoil them: instead of realizing their true talents, they waste their time solving the social problems caused by capitalism, without taking their common cause away. Thus, caring people seriously and very sentimentally set themselves to the task of remedying the evils that they see in

"Platon a fait d'un evenement contingent, a savoir le proces puis la mort de Socrate, un mythe fondateur de la philosophie. Ce mythe modelera fortement la figure du Sage dans la tradition philosophique occidentale. Car Socrate, a l'approche de la mort, est en effet plus philosophe que jamais : seule la pratique de la philosophie rend la vie digne d'etre vecue, et en corollaire, permet d'accepter la mort."

Is it always better to be just than unjust? That is the central question of Plato's Republic, discussed here by Melvyn Bragg and guests. Writing in c380BC, Plato applied this question both to the individual and the city-state, considering earlier and current forms of government in Athens and potential forms, in which the ideal city might be ruled by philosophers. The Republic is arguably Plato's best known and greatest work, a dialogue between Socrates and his companions, featuring the allegory of the cave

Elizabeth Stevenson was born in London on 29 September 1810, the daughter of a Unitarian minister. After her mother´s early death, she was raised by an aunt who lived in Knutsford in Cheshire. In 1832, she married William Gaskell, also a Unitarian minister, and they settled in the industrial city of Manchester. Motherhood and the obligations of a minister´s wife kept her busy. However, the death of her only son inspired her to write her first novel, ´Mary Barton´, which was published anonymously in 1848. It

Das Werk "Ecce Homo - Wie man wird, was man ist" von Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche ist seine Autobiographie, in der er sich mit Hilfe seiner Schriften (Geburt der Tragödie; Unzeitgemaassen; Menschlisches, Allzumenschlisches; Morgenröthe; La Gaya Scienza; Also sprach Zarathustra; Jenseits von Gut und Böse; Genalogie der Moral, Götzen-Dämmerungs; Der Fall Wagner...) selbst darstellt.